.: Meri :.
❅ a crystal dream ❅
I'd just like to expand a little on the cultural and historic presence of nonbinary and transgender people, just to emphasize that while it's becoming more accepted in current society, this isn't a new or "trendy" thing. Quick disclaimer that I'm not an expert on any of these subjects, so think of this more as a springboard to help with your own research, for anyone curious.
I'd also like to list a few trans and gender-nonconforming historical figures! We've always been around.
- Several Native American cultures have traditional ceremonial and social roles for gender-nonconforming people, broadly referred to as two-spirits. It's an umbrella term that encompasses a lot of terms and attitudes from many separate North American Indigenous cultures and was itself only coined in the 90's, but here's a non-comprehensive list of terms specific to certain Native American cultures.
- There's hijra in Hindu society, which generally includes gender-nonconforming people assigned male at birth (AMAB) as well as intersex people. While they are present in various religious texts and throughout history, and have often served religious ceremonial roles for weddings and births, they've become stigmatized in recent history due to British colonialism.
- Muxes in Zapotec cultures in Mexico are AMAB people who embrace feminine identities and are seen as a third gender.
- The Bugis ethnic group of Indonesia recognize five distinct genders—male, female, calalai (AFAB people who physically and socially present in masculine ways), calabai (AMAB people who occupy a traditionally feminine role whilst rejecting the restrictions placed upon women), and bissu (who fully encompass both the masculine and the feminine; they also serve an important spiritual role).
- In Sakalava society (a group indigenous to Madagascar), sekrata are AMAB people raised as girls after displaying feminine characteristics, who are viewed as sacred and occupy their own niche of gender roles.
I'd also like to list a few trans and gender-nonconforming historical figures! We've always been around.
- The Public Universal Friend was an American preacher born in 1752. After dealing with serious illness, they believed themselves to have died and been reanimated as the genderless Public Universal Friend by God. The Friend rejected gendered pronouns and dressed androgynously.
- The Chevalière d'Éon was a French soldier and spy, who infiltrated courts while presenting as a woman, and later in 1777 began living as a woman in her daily life, and was officially recognized by King Louis XVI as a woman. After returning to England, she then successfully petitioned the English court to be recognized legally as a woman.
- Claude Cahun (born 1894) was a writer and surrealist artist who used feminine pronouns for herself and described her gender as "neuter", also describing herself as experiencing fluidity between masculine and feminine. Fun fact, she also resisted Nazi occupation in World War II!
- Thomas Baty (born 1869) was an English writer and lawyer, who also published some works under the name Irene Clyde. They were a staunch feminist and strongly opposed the notion of a gender binary.